Topic: Matter and Material
Matter and material is divided into five chapters:
1. Revision of matter and classification
2. The kinetic molecular theory
3. The atom
4. The periodic table
5. Chemical bonding
For each chapter you'll find:
a. Textbook chapter
b. Workbook chapter
c. Video lessons
d. Practice test and memo
The workbook is interactive and goes hand in hand with the video lessons. Download the workbook if you'd like to watch the lessons and fill in information and complete the exercises as we go along.
The textbook is almost identical to the workbook, but it is structured differently. There is nothing to fill in in the textbook. The textbook is for the students that want to read the content without working through the video lessons.
I encourage all students to work through the practice test and memo to assess your understanding of each chapter.
1. Revision of matter and classification
Objectives:
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Revise properties of materials.
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Describe matter as being made up of particles.
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Differentiate between atoms, elements, molecules and compounds.
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Define pure substances, homogenous mixtures and heterogenous mixtures.
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Illustrate the microscopic representation of materials at a particle level.
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Classify substances as metals, nonmetals and metalloids and identify their positions on the periodic table.
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Write names and formulas of elements and compounds.
2. States of matter and the kinetic molecular theory
Objectives:
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Understand the concept of standard temperature and pressure and how this affects melting and boiling points of substances.
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List and characterize the three states of matter.
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Describe a solid, a liquid and a gas according to the particle model of matter.
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Define melting, boiling, evaporation, solidification, condensation, sublimation and deposition/reverse sublimation.
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Identify the physical state of a substance at a specific temperature, given its melting point and the boiling point.
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Interpret and draw the heating and cooling curves, and explain the graph based on kinetic molecular theory.
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Describe Brownian motion and diffusion based on kinetic molecular theory.
3. The atom
Objectives:
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Understand the concept of relative atomic mass.
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Describe the structure of an atom and understand atomic number and atomic mass.
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Determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in elements.
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Determine the number of electrons and charge on an ion after removing/adding electrons to an atom.
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Define isotopes.
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Calculate the relative atomic mass of naturally occurring elements from the percentage of each isotope in a sample.
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Represent atoms and ions using the notation E, Z and A.
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Describe an atomic energy level, shells and orbitals.
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Use Aufbau diagrams and spectroscopic notation to represent the electron configuration of elements 1-20.
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Understand the difference between core electrons, valence electrons and valency.
4. The periodic table
Objectives:
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Describe the periodic table as displaying elements in order of increasing atomic number and showing how periodicity of physical and chemical properties of elements relates to atomic structure.
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Define the group number and the period number.
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Relate the period number to the outermost energy level in which electrons exist.
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Relate the group number to the electronic structure in terms of valence electrons and valency.
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Describe periodicity in terms of atomic radius and ionisation energy.
5. Chemical bonding
Objectives:
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Describe the periodic table as displaying elements in order of increasing atomic number and showing how periodicity of physical and chemical properties of elements relates to atomic structure.
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Define the group number and the period number.
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Relate the period number to the outermost energy level in which electrons exist.
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Relate the group number to the electronic structure in terms of valence electrons and valency.
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Describe periodicity in terms of atomic radius and ionisation energy.